In 1900, Greek divers discovered a shipwreck off the coast of Antikythera that contained a remarkable artifact: a complex device made of gears and dials, now known as the Antikythera mechanism. Dating back over two millennia, this intricate apparatus is considered the world’s first analog computer. It was used to predict astronomical positions and eclipses for calendrical and astrological purposes. Its advanced engineering defied expectations of ancient technology, revealing a level of scientific sophistication previously thought impossible in the ancient world.
The device consists of at least 30 interlocking bronze gears housed in a wooden box, with inscriptions detailing its functions. Modern analysis shows it could model the movements of the Sun, Moon, and planets according to the geocentric model of the cosmos. The discovery reshaped historical perspectives on ancient Greek science and technology. Max G. Levy’s lesson explores how this machine, once dismissed as an anomaly, now stands as a testament to the ingenuity of early civilizations.